Surname List
Name Index
Sources
Email Us
Spouse: ADELAIDE ALIX DE SAVORY. LOUIS VI Le Gros KING DE FRANCE and ADELAIDE ALIX DE SAVORY were married in 1115 in Paris, Seine, France.312 Children were: LOUIS VII Le Jeune KING DE FRANCE.
Louis VII KING DE FRANCE was born in 1119.336 He died on 18 Sep 1180.336 Parents: LOUIS VI KING DE FRANCE and ADELAIDE OF MAURIENNE.
Spouse: Alix DE CHAMPAGNE. Louis VII KING DE FRANCE and Alix DE CHAMPAGNE were married in 1160.336
LOUIS VII Le Jeune KING DE FRANCE was born in 1119 in Reims, Marne, France.312 He died on 18 Sep 1180 in Paris, Seine, France.312 Parents: LOUIS VI Le Gros KING DE FRANCE and ADELAIDE ALIX DE SAVORY.
Spouse: ALIX ADELAIDE COUNTESS DE CHAMPAGNE. LOUIS VII Le Jeune KING DE FRANCE and ALIX ADELAIDE COUNTESS DE CHAMPAGNE were married on 13 Nov 1160 in Paris, Seine, France.312 Children were: Philipe AUGUSTE II KING DE FRANCE.
PEPIN The Short KING DE FRANCE was born in 714.1721 Pepin the Short, like his predecessors, began his career as mayor of the palace. The people had come to recognize the utter feebleness of the Merovingian kings, and in 751 Pepin was able to depose the King Childeric and have himself crowned King. He was the first of the Carolingian dynasty. In two invasions of Italy, he overthrew the Lombards, and by giving to the Pope the lands which he took from them, he laid the foundation for that temporal sovereignty of the Papacy which had such varied consequences in European history. Pepin was succeeded by his son Charlemagne. Of him it can truthfully be said that he was the son of a great faterh and the father of a great son.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 5478-9.
Pepin the Short, Charles' son, locked the weak Merovingian king up in his palace and had imself declared king in 751. He was a strong ruler and did much to consolidate the kingdom for his celebrated son, Charlemagne, who made himself master of a realm much wider than ancient Gaul or modern France.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 2581. [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1286 [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1721 The rise ofthe Frankish kingdom began in 751, when Charles Martel's son, Pepin the Short, sent messengers to the Pope to inquire if it was right that powerless, incompetant monarchs like the Merovingians should bear the title of "king". The Pope replied that it was not right. Pepin then held an election, which proclaimed him King Pepin I. In 753 or 754 Pope Stephen journeyed to Gaul and anointed him. Pepin in return made a visit to Italy and defeated the Lombards, enemies of the papacy. He also presented the pope with a belt of territory in central Italy, to be known for a thousand years as the Papal Domain. He died on 28 Sep 768 in St. Denis, France.312,336,1721 Parents: CHARLES MARTEL MAYOR OF THE PALACE and CHROTRUD.
Spouse: BERTHE (BERTHA) AU GRAND PIED. PEPIN The Short KING DE FRANCE and BERTHE (BERTHA) AU GRAND PIED were married in 740.342 Children were: CHARLEMAGNE EMPEROR OF THE WEST, Carloman EMPEROR OF THE WEST.
Philipe AUGUSTE II KING DE FRANCE was born on 22 Aug 1165 in Paris, Seine, France.312 He died on 14 Jul 1223 in Mantes, Yvelines, France.312 Parents: LOUIS VII Le Jeune KING DE FRANCE and ALIX ADELAIDE COUNTESS DE CHAMPAGNE.
Spouse: Isabelle DE HAINAULT. Philipe AUGUSTE II KING DE FRANCE and Isabelle DE HAINAULT were married on 28 Apr 1180 in Bapaume, Pas-de-Calais, France.312 Children were: Louis VIII COEUR-DE-LION.
PHILIPPE I KING DE FRANCE was born in 1053 in Reims, Marne, France.192,312,336 He died on 29 Jul 1108 in Meulan, Normandy, France.192,312,336 Parents: HENRY I KING DE FRANCE and ANNE PRINCESS OF KIEV.
Spouse: BERTHA COUNTESS OF HOLLAND. PHILIPPE I KING DE FRANCE and BERTHA COUNTESS OF HOLLAND were married in 1072.336 Children were: LOUIS VI Le Gros KING DE FRANCE, LOUIS VI KING DE FRANCE, Constance DE FRANCE.
ROBERT KING DE FRANCE died on 15 Jun 923.1194 Parents: ROBERT The Strong KING DE FRANCE.
Spouse: BEATRIX DE VERMANDOIS. ROBERT KING DE FRANCE and BEATRIX DE VERMANDOIS were married.1194 Children were: HUGH LE GRAND KING DE FRANCE.
ROBERT II KING DE FRANCE was born on 27 Mar 972 in Orleans, France.336,1182,1722 He died on 20 Jul 1031 in Meulan, Normandy, France.336,1182,1722 Parents: HUGH CAPET KING DE FRANCE and ADELAIDE DE POINTERS.
Spouse: CONSTANCE OF PROVENCE-ARLES. ROBERT II KING DE FRANCE and CONSTANCE OF PROVENCE-ARLES were married in 1001.115,1722 Children were: Adelaide DE FRANCE, HENRY I KING DE FRANCE, ADELA PRINCESS OF FRANCE, Robert PRINCE DE FRANCE, HAWISE-ADELE DE FRANCE.
ROBERT The Strong KING DE FRANCE died in 867.1194
Children were: ROBERT KING DE FRANCE.
AEDH KING OF ALBANY died in Slain by his people.1040 Parents: KENNETH MAC ALPIN KING OF ALBANY.
CONSTANTINE I KING OF ALBANY was born about 836 in Scotland.336,1040 He died in 877 in Inverdovat, Forgan, Fifeshire, Scotland.1040,1180 Parents: KENNETH MAC ALPIN KING OF ALBANY.
Children were: DONALD II KING OF ALBANY.
DONALD II KING OF ALBANY was born about 862 in Scotland.336,1040 He died in 900 in Forres, Moray, Scotland.1040,1180 Parents: CONSTANTINE I KING OF ALBANY.
Children were: MALCOLM I KING OF ALBANY.
KENNETH II KING OF ALBANY was born about 932 in Scotland.10,336 He died in 995 in Fettercaine, Scotland.336,1180,1214 Parents: MALCOLM I KING OF ALBANY.
Children were: MALCOLM II KING OF SCOTLAND.
KENNETH MAC ALPIN KING OF ALBANY was born in 810 in Scotland.336,1040 He died in 860 in Inverdovat, Forgan, Fifeshire, Scotland.1040,1180 In the ninth century, the Picts (descendents of the Celtic invaders, a non-Aryan people) and the Scots were united under Kenneth MacAlpin, King of the Scots, and a hundred years later, this kingdom became known as Scotland.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 6443. Parents: ALPIN KING OF ARGYLL.
Children were: CONSTANTINE I KING OF ALBANY, AEDH KING OF ALBANY.
MALCOLM I KING OF ALBANY was born about 897.336 He died in 954 in Scotland.1180 Parents: DONALD II KING OF ALBANY.
Children were: KENNETH II KING OF ALBANY.
ALFONSO II KING OF ARAGON was born in 1152 in Aragon.1038 Castile and Aragon, formerly two separate and powerful kingdoms of Spain, which were united in 1469 by the marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, the monarchs wo later earned a place in American history through Columbus. The combined territories formed the nucleus of the modern kingdom of Spain. Aragon extended over the northeastern part of the peninsula, while Castile occupied the greater part of what is now Spain, extending from the Bayof Biscay southward. In the great struggles against the Moors, Castle had always played a prominent part, and the additional strength derived from its union which Aragon made possible the death blow to Moorish dominion in Europe. The language fo Castile is still the literary language of Spain and to a great extent of the Spanish speaking countries of South America.
Under the present (1932) system of Government Castile is divided into Old and New Castiel and again subdivided into provinces, the most important of which is Madrid, in which the capital of Spain is situated. Aragon is divided into three provinces.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 1232. He died in 1196.1038 Parents: RAYMOUN IV BERENGAR COUNT OF BARCELONA and PETRONELLA QUEEN OF ARAGON.
Spouse: SANCHA OF CASTILE. ALFONSO II KING OF ARAGON and SANCHA OF CASTILE were married in 1174.1038 Children were: ALFONSO II COUNT PROVENCE.
RAMIRO I KING OF ARAGON died in 1063.1038 Parents: The Great SANCHO III KING OF NAVARRE and MUNIA ELVIRA PRINCESS OF CASTILE.
Spouse: GISBERGA OF BIGORRE. RAMIRO I KING OF ARAGON and GISBERGA OF BIGORRE were married in 1036.1038 Children were: SANCHO I KING OF ARAGON & NAVARRE.
RAMIRO II KING OF ARAGON died in 1147.1038 Parents: SANCHO I KING OF ARAGON & NAVARRE and FELICIA OF RAMERU.
Spouse: AGNES OF AQUITAINE. RAMIRO II KING OF ARAGON and AGNES OF AQUITAINE were married in 1134.1038 Children were: PETRONELLA QUEEN OF ARAGON.
SANCHO I KING OF ARAGON & NAVARRE died in 1094.1038 Parents: RAMIRO I KING OF ARAGON and GISBERGA OF BIGORRE.
Spouse: FELICIA OF RAMERU. SANCHO I KING OF ARAGON & NAVARRE and FELICIA OF RAMERU were married in 1063.1038 Children were: RAMIRO II KING OF ARAGON.
AEDH The White KING OF ARGYLL was born in 718.1040 He died in 778.1180 Parents: EOCHAID III KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: EOCHAID IV The Poisoness KING OF ARGYLL.
ALPIN KING OF ARGYLL was born about 778 in Scotland.336,1040 He died on 2 Jul 834 in Galloway, Scotland.1040,1180 Parents: EOCHAID IV The Poisoness KING OF ARGYLL and FERGUSIA OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: KENNETH MAC ALPIN KING OF ALBANY, Donald I KING OF ARGYLL.
Donald I KING OF ARGYLL. Parents: ALPIN KING OF ARGYLL.
EOCHAID IV The Poisoness KING OF ARGYLL was born in 748.1040 He died in 827.1040,1180 Parents: AEDH The White KING OF ARGYLL.
Spouse: FERGUSIA OF DAL RIADA. EOCHAID IV The Poisoness KING OF ARGYLL and FERGUSIA OF DAL RIADA were married.34 Children were: ALPIN KING OF ARGYLL.
WRATISLAW I KING OF BOHEMIA died in 1074.1038
Children were: JUDITH OF BOHEMIA.
BOSO KING OF BURGUNDY.
Children were: ERMENGARDE OF BURGUNDY.
ALFONSO VI KING OF CASTILE was born in Jun 1040 in Spain.1038,1181 He died in 1109 in Toledo, N., Spain.1038,1181 Parents: The Great FERDINAND I KING OF CASTILE and SANCHO PRINCESS OF LEON.
Spouse: CONSTANCE OF BURGUNDY. ALFONSO VI KING OF CASTILE and CONSTANCE OF BURGUNDY were married in 1081.1038 Children were: URRACA QUEEN OF CASTILE, Teresa OF CASTILE & LEON.
ALFONSO VIII The Good KING OF CASTILE was born on 11 Nov 1155 in Castile, Spain.312,336 He died on 6 Oct 1214 in Burgos, Spain.312,336 Parents: SANCHO III KING OF CASTILE and BLANCHE PRINCESS OF GARCIA.
Spouse: ELEANOR PRINCESS OF ENGLAND. ALFONSO VIII The Good KING OF CASTILE and ELEANOR PRINCESS OF ENGLAND were married.10,312 Children were: Blanche OF CASTILE.
SANCHO II KING OF CASTILE was born about 1135.1181 He died in 1159.1723 Parents: ALFONSO VII KING OF LEON & CASTILE and BERENGUELA RAIMUNDA DE BARCELONA, QUEEN OF CASTILE.
Spouse: BLANCA OF NAVARRE. SANCHO II KING OF CASTILE and BLANCA OF NAVARRE were married.1181 Children were: MUNIA ELVIRA PRINCESS OF CASTILE.
SANCHO III KING OF CASTILE was born in 1134 in Castile, Spain.312 He died about 1158 in Castile, Spain.312 Parents: ALFONSO VII KING OF LEON & CASTILE and BERENGUELA RAIMUNDA DE BARCELONA, QUEEN OF CASTILE.
Spouse: BLANCHE PRINCESS OF GARCIA. SANCHO III KING OF CASTILE and BLANCHE PRINCESS OF GARCIA were married.312 Children were: ALFONSO VIII The Good KING OF CASTILE.
The Great FERDINAND I KING OF CASTILE was born about 1005 in Castile, Spain.1724 He died on 27 Dec 1065 in Castile, Spain.1038,1724 Parents: The Great SANCHO III KING OF NAVARRE and MUNIA ELVIRA PRINCESS OF CASTILE.
Spouse: SANCHO PRINCESS OF LEON. The Great FERDINAND I KING OF CASTILE and SANCHO PRINCESS OF LEON were married in 1033.1038,1724 Children were: ALFONSO VI KING OF CASTILE.
ST. FERDINAND III KING OF CASTILE & LEON was born in 1191 in Castile, Spain.1722 He died on 30 May 1252.1722 Parents: ALFONSO IX KING OF LEON and BERENGUELA OF CASTILE.
Spouse: JOANA QUEEN OF CASTILE. ST. FERDINAND III KING OF CASTILE & LEON and JOANA QUEEN OF CASTILE were married in 1237.1722 Children were: ELEANOR FERDINAND.
COLDERIC The Parricide KING OF COLOGNE was born about 470.336 He died in 509.336 Parents: SIEGBERT The Lame KING OF COLOGNE.
Children were: MUNDERIC LORD OF VITREY.
SIEGBERT The Lame KING OF COLOGNE was born about 440.336 He died in 509.336
Children were: COLDERIC The Parricide KING OF COLOGNE.
AIDAN KING OF DAL RIADA died in 608.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: GABHRAN (GORANUS) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: EOCHAID The Fair KING OF DAL RIADA.
DOMANGART (DONGARDUS) KING OF DAL RIADA died in 506.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: FERGUS (MOR MAC EARCA) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: GABHRAN (GORANUS) KING OF DAL RIADA.
DOMANGART II (DONGART) KING OF DAL RIADA died in 673.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: DONNALL The Speckled (DONALD I) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: EOCHAID II KING OF DAL RIADA.
DONNALL The Speckled (DONALD I) KING OF DAL RIADA died in 642.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: EOCHAID The Fair KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: DOMANGART II (DONGART) KING OF DAL RIADA.
EOCHAID II KING OF DAL RIADA was born in 658.342 He died in 697.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: DOMANGART II (DONGART) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Spouse: SPONDANA. EOCHAID II KING OF DAL RIADA and SPONDANA were married. Children were: EOCHAID III KING OF DAL RIADA.
EOCHAID III KING OF DAL RIADA was born in 688.342 He died in 733.342 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: EOCHAID II KING OF DAL RIADA and SPONDANA.
Children were: AEDH The White KING OF ARGYLL.
EOCHAID The Fair KING OF DAL RIADA died in 630.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: AIDAN KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: DONNALL The Speckled (DONALD I) KING OF DAL RIADA.
ERC (MUIREADEACH) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Spouse: EARCA PRINCESS OF DAL RIADA. ERC (MUIREADEACH) KING OF DAL RIADA and EARCA PRINCESS OF DAL RIADA were married.41 Children were: FERGUS (MOR MAC EARCA) KING OF DAL RIADA.
FERGUS (MOR MAC EARCA) KING OF DAL RIADA died in 501.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: ERC (MUIREADEACH) KING OF DAL RIADA and EARCA PRINCESS OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: DOMANGART (DONGARDUS) KING OF DAL RIADA.
GABHRAN (GORANUS) KING OF DAL RIADA died in 559/60.1180 Dal Riada is in Northern Ireland. Parents: DOMANGART (DONGARDUS) KING OF DAL RIADA.
Children were: AIDAN KING OF DAL RIADA.
ALFRED The Great KING OF ENGLAND was born in 849 in Wantage, now Oxfordshire, England.312,1180,1286 Alfred the Great, one of the world's greatest popular heroes, of whom it has been said that of all the monarchs to whom the title Great has been given, no other deserves it in point of character as does Alfred. Much legend has gathered about his name, but the oulines of his real history are well known. He was the youngest son of Ethelwulf, who reigned over the West Saxons from 836 to 858. Alfred came tot he throne in 871, and found the country in a desperate state, owing to the inroads of the Danes. He made a truce with these enemies and induced them to turn their attention to the other provinces of Britain, But it was not long before they renewed hostilities, and so successful were their attacks that Alfred fled to the hills and woods for safety.
At length having been joined by a band of trusty followers, Alfred propared, in May, 878, to attack the Danish army under Guthrum at Edingon, It is said that two or three days before the battle he entered the Danish camp disguised as a harper and gained all the information desired respectin ghe strength and position of the enemy, but his legend is generally discredited. In the battle that followed, the Danes were utterly defeated; Guthrum and his followers accepted Christianity, and were assigned territory north of Wessex. Alfred afterward ceded to them the eastern portion of Mercia, which became known as the Danelagh. Alfred was by this time the ruler of nearly all England, though never recognized by title as such.
During the period of peace which followed, he rebuilt cities and fortresses and improved his fleet. Ships were stationed at intervals along the coast to guard against invasion, and were often useful in repelling the renewed attacks of the Danes. Alfred also established a regular militia, which was able to protect the several parts of the kingdom without leaving any district defenseless. He made a code of laws which served as the basis of later codes, and promoted trade and commerce. His last years were passed in peace. He was succeeded by his son, Edward the Elder.
The selfish ambition and cruelty which stained the characters of other great rulers are not recorded in the life of Alfred. In the making and administration of laws, in his careful oversight of the courts of justice, in his promotion of the arts of peace, he had the welfare of his subjects ever in view. of his military genius, the record of obstacles overcome in sufficiernt witness. He was in belief and in practice a devout Christian. Alfred is conspicuous for the patronage he gave to letters, and his own learning and industrious scholarship were most remarkable. To bring knowledge within reach of his subjects, he translated Bede's Ecclestical History of England, Gregory's Pastoral Rule, and Boethius's Consolations of Philosophy, from Latin into Anglo-Saxon, adding much of hsi own composition. Alfred represents all that is greatest and best in the early Christian civilization of the West, and was the herald of centuries far removed from him in point of time.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 205. [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1286 The opposition to the Viking Danes was led by King Alfred of Wessex (849-899), fittingly termed the Great, for his spirit was so great that it inspired a counrty to turn the course of history. (No other English king is called the Great; greatness is reserved for English queens. Alfred drove the danes from their English conquests in a long and desperate war. He was a wise and good king as well as a great one. He was always busy. He made little inventions, lanterns fo transparent oxhorn, candles marked to tell the time. Distressed at the ignorance of his clergy and the illiteracy of his people, he established a court school like that of Charlemagne and imported teachers from abroad. He was more literate than his great model. He translated works of piety and instruction into Anglo-Saxon. He concluded one of his books with the words: " He seems to me a very foolish man and very wretched, who will not increase his understanding while he is in the world, and ever wish and long to reach that endless life where all shall be made clear." His heaven would not be the home of idle bliss but of knowledge.
The Middle Ages, page 29-30. He died on 28 Oct 901 in England.312,1180 Parents: ETHERLWULF KING OF ENGLAND and OSBURGA.
Spouse: LADY ALSWITHA OF MERCIA. ALFRED The Great KING OF ENGLAND and LADY ALSWITHA OF MERCIA were married in 869.34,312 Children were: EDWARD The Elder KING OF ENGLAND, AELFTHRYTH (ELFRIDA) OF ENGLAND.
EDGAR The Peaceful KING OF ENGLAND was born in 942 in Wessex, England.312,1180 He died on 8 Jul 975 in Glastonbury, Sommerset, England.1180,1214 Parents: EDMUND I KING OF ENGLAND and ST. ELGIVA QUEEN OF ENGLAND.
Spouse: ELFRIDA (AELFTHRYTH). EDGAR The Peaceful KING OF ENGLAND and ELFRIDA (AELFTHRYTH) were married in 964 in Wessex, England.312 Children were: ETHELRED II The Unready KING OF ENGLAND.
EDMUND I KING OF ENGLAND was born in 920 in Wessex, England.312,1180 He died on 26 May 946 in England.312,1180 Parents: EDWARD The Elder KING OF ENGLAND and LADY EDGIVA OF MEAPHAM.
Spouse: ST. ELGIVA QUEEN OF ENGLAND. EDMUND I KING OF ENGLAND and ST. ELGIVA QUEEN OF ENGLAND were married. Children were: EDGAR The Peaceful KING OF ENGLAND.
EDMUND II Ironside KING OF ENGLAND was born in 988.1180 He died on 30 Nov 1016 in Oxford, London, England.1180 Parents: ETHELRED II The Unready KING OF ENGLAND and ELGIVA (ELGIFU) QUEEN OF ENGLAND.
Spouse: EDITH (ALGITHA) LADY. EDMUND II Ironside KING OF ENGLAND and EDITH (ALGITHA) LADY were married. Children were: EDWARD (Aetheling) PRINCE OF ENGLAND.
EDWARD I (Longshanks) KING OF ENGLAND was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster, England.1038 Edward, whose fame as a lawgiver won him the title the "English Justinian," succeeded his father, Henry III, in 1272. The news of the latter's death reached him on his way home from the Crusades undertaken by Louis IX fo France, and he was not crowned until 1274. Shortly after his return to England, he began war on the Welsh, whom he subdued after a struggle that lasted nearly ten years. In 1282 Wales became a part of the English ralm, and Edward made his little son feudal lord of the Welsh, with the title of Prince of Wales.
The greater part of his reign was given over to the attainment of his great ambition, the possession of Scotland. In 1290 there were several claimants to the Scottish throne, chief of whom were Robert Burce and John Baliol. Edward, asked to decide between them, chose Baliol, but on condition that he pay homage to the English king as his superior.
The brave Scottish people, humiliated by this condition, rose in arms, and in 1306, after a long struggle of varying fortunes, Robet Burce, grandson of Baliol's rival, was crowned at Scone. Edward sent an English army to Scotland to subdue the new king, and soon after set out himself for the north, but died "within sight of the country which he was devoted to destruction." During the war he carried off to London the great Stone of Scone, upon which the Scottish kings had been crowned for centuries. This famous stone now rests beneath the seat of the coronation throne of the English monarchs in Westminster Abbey.
In home affairs Edward was one of the greatest kings of his time. He established order in England, improved the law, and made regular the representation of the Commons in Parliament. One of his most important decrees was that the right of levying taxes rested with Parliament.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 2132.
Edward I, born 1239, ruled 1272-1307, was one of England's greatest kings. He was a handsome man, with fair hair and ruddy cheeks, and so tall that he was nicknamed Longshanks. He delighted in tournaments and hunting, but he was also practical and hardworking. For seven years before he came to the throne, he was the real ruler for his weak father, Henry III. He was in the Holy Land involved in the cursades when his father died, but there was no question that he woudl take the throne.
Edward has been calle the "English Justinian" because, like the Roman emperor Justinian, he organized the laws, had a long-lasting influence. A statute of 1285 limmited church courts to strictly church matters-a change that Edward's great-grandfather, Henry II, had been unable to make because of the murder of Thomas a Becket. Edward also stopped paying a feudal tribute to the Pope.
Parliament grew in strength during Edward's reign because hi continued the policy of Simon de Montfort in summoning to it representatives of the towns and lesser knights. His parliament of 1295 is known as the Model Parliament. In 1297 he reaffirmed the Magna Carta in the famous confirmation of the charters. All of Edward's moves were not fair and admirable one, however; he forced Jews out of England in 1290.
Soon after coming to the throne, Edward conquered Wales and gave to thei infant son, Edward, the title Prince of Wales. Until 1289 the care of his French possessions, principally Aquitaine, in Southern France, absorbed much of his attention. For the rest of his life, his main concern was Scotland.
He conquered the country in 1296; but in 1297 all Scotland rose in revolt against him under the popular leader, William Wallace. Edward defeated Wallace at Falkirk the next year, but the Scots still resisted. Near the end of Edward's reign Scotland found a new leader in robert Bruce. In 1307 King Edward, then 70 years old, led an army toward Scotland but died before he reached the border.
Excerpted from Compton's Reference Collection 1996. Copyright 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1725 Edward I (Longshanks), who came to the throne in 1272, was a good king, a valiant, devout knight, and a crusader. He took seriously the motto that he later had carved on his tomb--Pactum serva, "Keep troth." He brought Enland fully under control of the common law, administered by royal courts. A privy council of specialized advisers, similar to modern cabinet ministers, advised the king and aided in the government. Edward co-operated with his Parliament, which he made a forum for airing grievances, so members would co-operate with him when he requested money and troups. To the Parliament of 1295, which has become known as theModel Parliament, the king invited not only the nobles but also two knights from each shire, two burgesses from each borough, and representatives of the lower clergy on the democratic principle that " what touches all must be approved by all. " This group, continuing to meet, gained control of the country's finances and developed into the House of Commons.
In 1277 Edward invaded Wales with a powerful and well-organized army. The country was quickly subdued and subjected to English rule. Little remains of Welsh independence beyond the title of "Prince of Wales," bestowed on the heir to the English throne, and an ancient lingering resentment against the English. During the same period, independent Scotland suffered a period fo anarchy. In 1290 Edward was asked to arbitrate among twelve claiments to the throne. His choice was rejected and a civil war broke out. Edward invaded Scotland and set up a government of his own. The Scots, aided by France, fought for years under the leadership of their heroes, William Wallace and Robert Bruce. After a long and sanguinary war, the defeated the English at Bannockburn in 1314, and remained independent for three centuries more.
The Horizon Book of Middle Ages, page 52. He died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-on-the-Sands, Carlisle.1038 Parents: HENRY III KING OF ENGLAND and ELEANOR OF PROVINCE.
Spouse: ELEANOR FERDINAND. EDWARD I (Longshanks) KING OF ENGLAND and ELEANOR FERDINAND were married on 13 Oct 1254 in Abbey of Los Huedgas, Burgos, Castile.1038 Children were: Eleanor PLANTAGENET, Jean PLANTAGENET, Joan PLANTAGENET, Edward II KING OF ENGLAND, Princess ELIZABETH PLANTAGENET, John PLANTAGENET, Henry PLANTAGENET, Alice PLANTAGENET, Juliana PLANTAGENET, Alphonso PLANTAGENET, Margaret PLANTAGENET, Berengaria PLANTAGENET, Mary PLANTAGENET, Isabella PLANTAGENET, Bertrica PLANTAGENET, Blanche PLANTAGENET, Edward II KING OF ENGLAND.
Edward II KING OF ENGLAND was born on 25 Apr 1284.1038 Edward II, the first English monarch to bear, as son of the king, the title of Prince of Wales, succeeded his father Edward I in 1307. He was a weak and incompetant ruler, constantly under the influence of unscrupulous favorites, which led to rebellions on the part of his nobles. The war begun by his father agaist the Scots was continued by this king, but with ill success, and Scottish independence was assured in 1314, by the great victory at Bannockburn. Edward invaded Scotland again in 1322, but he was forced to conclude a truce of thirteen years and to return to England. Finally, he was deposed b a conspiracy of his wife (Isabella, daughter of Philip the Fair of France), aided by the great nobles of the kingdom, andin 1327 was murdered in Berkeley Castle.
World Book Encyclopedia, page 2132. [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1725 He died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley, England.1038 Parents: EDWARD I (Longshanks) KING OF ENGLAND and ELEANOR FERDINAND. Parents: EDWARD I (Longshanks) KING OF ENGLAND and ELEANOR FERDINAND.
Spouse: ISABELLA. Edward II KING OF ENGLAND and ISABELLA were married.
Edward The Confessor KING OF ENGLAND was born in 1004.1726 [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Reign]1727 Edward was about forty years old, and he was childless; hence a conflict was bound to arise over the succession to his throne. Having spent most of his life in Normandy, Edward felt a stranger in England, and packed the government with his Norman friends. He received warmly at Westminster his second cousin William the Bastard, duke of Normandy. William later reported that Edward had offered to make him the heir to the English crown. Probably he had; but there were no witnesses, and anyway Edward had no right to name his successor. He died on 5 Jan 1066.1726,1728 He was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, England.1729 Parents: ETHELRED II The Unready KING OF ENGLAND and ELGIVA (ELGIFU) QUEEN OF ENGLAND.
